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Showing posts with label Iron age dun. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Iron age dun. Show all posts

Saturday, 24 June 2017

Caisteal Grugaig


Caisteal Grugaig -(Dun Totaig)  the witch of the north

NG86692508 
Factual details below -- for details of our visit on 27/6/17 skip to visit

Park at Letterfearn - opposite post box or drive further on twards Totaig where there are a few places to park.  The broch is a short walk, along good paths,  from Totaig House at the end of the road.

This is third of the duns/brochs we have visited bearing the same name; Dun Grugaig Skye (witch of the west) and Dun Grugaig Glenelg (witch of the east) 

Caisteal Grugaig, sometimes referred to as Dun Totaig, stands on the hill Faire an Duine, which is Gaelic for watch place of the man.(1)  The hill has excellent views over Loch Alsh, Loch Duich and Loch Long.

Grugaig  means a wretched, gloomy or sullen woman or sometimes a witch.  Please note that the references to witch of the north, west or east are purely my own invention.  

The broch is said to have been the residence of Grugaig the witch, mother of two giants Telve and Todder after whom the Glenelg brochs Telve and Trodden are named.(2)   Another story says Caisteal Grugaig was named after an old woman who could raise storms to wreck ships and cast spells on milk. (3)  On the other hand perhaps it was the same woman!








From AOC report




A description of the "clearing out" of the broch in the 19th century can be found at
http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archiveDS/archiveDownload?t=arch-352-1/dissemination/pdf/vol_031//31_086_089.pdf

This is a fascinating document as it also makes reference to a vitrified wall at Eilean Donan, cup marked stones, and road markers for General Wade's roads (together with costing for these roads which indicate  that between £5 and £10,000 per yer was spent on building these roads --sadly the equivalent amount of money is not spent these days!!)

In 2010, AOC archaeology did a laser scan of the broch and the results are available in video format here:  This video is far more informative than any description I could write.




Caisteal Grugaig broch: laser scan survey from AOC Archaeology on Vimeo.

https://vimeo.com/17634384



There is some evidence of other iron age settlement nearby:  At Òb na Leòbaig,small bay of the flounder (1)  there is a wheelhouse (NG 870 254). A dun is marked on the map south of Letterfearn.  Eilean Donan castle, across the loch,was originally built in 13th century - could it have been built on the site of an earlier structure?


References:

1) translation courtesy of Jake King of Ainman-Àite na h'Alba.
2) http://www.lochalsh.co.uk/caisteal_grugaig.shtml
3) http://www.skye.co.uk/images/resources/lochalsh-leaflet.pdf
http://her.highland.gov.uk/hbsmrgatewayhighland/DataFiles/LibraryLinkFiles/193545.pdf 


Wednesday, 17 May 2017

Dun Ardtreck Visit

Dun Ardtreck

Visited on 9/5/17

For archaeology notes and a plan of the Dun, see the previous post on Dun Ardtreck  

A short walk from the parking spot near NG338354, room for two carefully parked cars only! 

Helpful signposts directed us from there to the track through gates and onto the moorland.  A less friendly, but perhaps necessary, sign was on a final gate - to the effect that any dogs worrying sheep would be shot!


 The Dun soon comes into view (NG33503581)




Dun Ardtreck has been the subject of much controversy among archaeologists.  Is it a D shaped semi broch (Mackie)? Is it a full circular broch where sea erosion has caused part of the walls to fall into the sea (Harding and Martlew)?  Is it simply a variant of the complex roundhouse class (Armitt)?


The last visible stone in one of the "legs" of the D




My own feeling is that it is a D shaped broch (aka semi broch)  as I believe the walls flatten out a little towards the sea and there does seem to be evidence of a wall at the edge of the cliff.  Whether being a D shape makes it a semi broch – Mackie style - or a variant of a complex roundhouse class – well I wouldn’t know but I am not at all sure that the two ideas are contradictory anyway except insofar as Mackie believed the semi broch could have been a prototype of the full brochs.  

 Dun Ringill, Dun Grugaig Glenelg and Dun Ruigh Ruaidh near Loch Boom are other examples of semi brochs according to Mackie. (We visited Dun Ringill in July 2016 ( dun ringil)  and Dun Grugaig in May 2016  (no write up for that part of the trip)




"Guard cell"


Part of an outer wall?


One of the door checks


Detail of stone work

Dun Ardtreck is certainly situated in a highly defensive position



One of the finds at the site was a Roman military style axe - now housed in the Huntarian museum.  The axe wasfound in the phase three deposits.  Such a find is very unusual in remote Highland sites and one possible explanation, offered by Mackie, is that it came directly from the Roman fleets of the governor Agricola's campaign around 80Ad.  Perhaps a gift to the local chieftain?



From the Dun we continued towards the light house and looked at the deserted township at Ardtreck Point.  The township must have been deserted some time ago as the OS map of 1881 ( 6" sheetXXX111) shows five un-roofed buildings. However, we saw more than five and Canmore states that the1969 current edition of the OS 1:10560 map shows fourteen un-roofed buildings and three enclosures.

Dun Ardtreck meaning:
The Dun takes its name from the township at Ardtreck Point   Forbes suggests the name could be derived from Aird Bhreach - meaning speckled point.

References:

Armit, I. (1996) The archaeology of Skye and the Western Isles. Edinburgh 


Forbes, Alexander Robert, (1923)  Place names of Skye and Adjacent Islands (digitised by SMO http://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/files/PDFs/00915325_Place_Names_of_Skye.pdf.

  Harding, D. W. (2004) , The Iron Age in Northern Britain: Celts and Romans, Natives and Invaders, Routledge, London & New York



Mackie, Euan, Aspects of the origins of the brochs of Atlantic Scotland,retrieved 15/5/17
Mackie, Euan, Excavations at Dun Ardtreck (2000)
(retrieved 5/5/17)
Mackie, Euan, Dun an Ruigh Ruadh, Loch Broom  http://www.euppublishing.com/doi/pdfplus/10.3366/gas.1980.7.7.32, retrieved 15/5/17
Martlew, R. (1982 )The typological study of the structures of the Scottish brochs, in Proc. Soc. Antiq. Scot. 1981-82. vol. 112: 254-76.  Quoted in Mackie above.